Hemoglobin A1C reflects average plasma glucose over 8-12 weeks by measuring the percentage of hemoglobin with glucose attached. Normal: <5.7%. Prediabetes: 5.7-6.4%. Diabetes: ≥6.5%. GLP-1 RAs reduce A1C by 1.0-1.5% on average; tirzepatide by 2.0-2.3% at peak doses. A1C is the standard outcome metric in T2D trials.
Also known as
HbA1chemoglobin A1C
Related terms
- Type 2 diabetes
- Chronic insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency. Diagnosis: A1C ≥6.5%.
- GLP-1
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist — class of drugs that mimic a gut hormone to reduce appetite and slow stomach emptying.